What is Press Fitting System?
Press Fitting SystemIt is a pipe connection technology that uses special clamping tools to mechanically press and seal pipe fittings and metal pipes.
This technology was first developed and matured by German companies, and is now widely used in building water supply, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), fire protection systems and industrial fluid transportation projects.
Today's mainstream clamping technology system in the world is mainly derived from German technical standards, and has been formed by major pipe fitting and tool manufacturers after decades of technological integration and standardization development to form a complete system.
The compression pipeline system belongs to system engineering technology, and its reliability not only depends on the pipe fitting itself, but also involves:
Pipe material standards
Pipe fitting manufacturing and testing standards
Seal materials and design standards
Matching standards for crimping tools and jaws
Snap ring and crimp profile design
These technologies require long-term engineering application and verification to form a complete standard system.
Mainstream source of clamping technology: German technology system
At present, the mainstream of global clamping pipe fitting technology is still based on German technology system as the source.
The most representative pressing profiles include:
M type (Mapress series)
The M-type pressing profile was first developed by the German Mapress technology system and is considered to be one of the earliest mature pressing profiles.
Mainly used in stainless steel and carbon steel piping systems.
Common size ranges:
15mm – 168mm
M-type clamping has a stable crimping structure and good sealing reliability, so it is widely used in large-scale European engineering projects.
Development of V-shaped pressing technology
The V-shaped pressing profile was first developed by German Viega Company Developed in the context of patent competition to circumvent earlier M-type patented technologies.
V-shaped compression is common in copper pipe systems.
Typical size range:
15mm – 54mm（2"）
V-shaped clamping is mainly used for:
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Copper pipe water supply system
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HVAC system
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Commercial Building Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
目前市面上常見的V型卡壓主要包括以下幾種：
德國非廉價V型
代表品牌：Viega Conex
此類設計採用 非對稱卡壓結構，壓接受力均勻，密封可靠性較高。
Derivatives
Symmetrical V type (simplified production type)
Some markets use symmetrical V-shaped structures to reduce production costs.
This type of design usually requires specific jaw overpressure to achieve a sealing effect.
Due to the uneven compression ratio of the sealing ring, the risk of leakage is relatively high, and the requirements for tool matching are stricter.
Half V or false M
Some products are structurally close to the M model, but are not original Mapress technology systems.
For example part SA type structure Or some Wenzhou products are called by the engineering market:
Half V or false M
Such products often do not fully comply with the original German press profile standards.
Development of SA type pressing technology
SA Profile is a crimping profile design for compression pipe fittings. Its structure is similar to M-profile, but it has fewer crimping points and usually uses a simpler crimping structure.
In a crimping system, the crimp profile determines how the crimping tool deforms on the pipe and how the sealing ring is compressed. Different contours require corresponding clamping tools and jaws to complete reliable connections.
SA profiles are generally designed for high tool compatibility, and some products are compatible with both M, V, or SA jaws.
In the crimping profile design, different profiles have different numbers of crimping points.
Common comparisons are as follows:
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M profile: 4 crimp points
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V-profile: 3 crimp points
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SA profile: 2 crimp points
The difference in the number of crimping points will affect the stability and pressure resistance of the crimping structure.
Generally speaking:
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The more crimp points
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The more uniform the crimping deformation is
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The stronger the mechanical locking ability of the connection
Therefore in high voltage or high reliability projects, the M profile is often considered a more stable structure.
Large size pressing technology: MegaPress/BenchPress
for Large size steel pipe system, the current mainstream technology adopts GRIP RING (Ring Ring) compression system, such as:
MegaPress System
This type of technology is mainly used for:
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carbon steel pipe
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Industrial fluid piping
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Large bore HVAC system
Its typical size range is:
DN50 and above
The toothed ring structure provides additional mechanical locking capability during crimping to ensure connection reliability in high-pressure environments.
Development of Asian Standards
In the later development of clamping technology, the Asian market gradually formed Japanese Standard (JIS) and Korean Standard (KS)。
Most of these standards are based on thin wall piping system Mainly, mainly used in:
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civil buildings
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ship piping system
Ministry of Construction of China Around 2000 When the national standard for stainless steel compression pipes was first released, it was mainly divided into two major technical systems:
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German standard series
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Japanese standard series
In recent years, some new national standards have begun to adopt the new metric size system, and some standards are based on the corporate standards of large enterprises.
However, in high-end engineering projects,German technology systems are still widely used。
The general civilian market uses more national standard products to reduce project costs.